Neonatal Seizures in Infants of Different Gestational Age
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61788/njn.v2i18.08Keywords:
neonatal seizures, preterm newborns, term newborns, epilepsy, epileptic encephalopathies, levetiracetamAbstract
Main etiologies of neonatal seizures (NS) were evaluated among 165 newborns of different gestational age (GA). Neonates suffered NS were subdivided into four groups: I - 84 early preterm newborns with GA 28 weeks and less, II - 52 with GA 29-32 weeks, III - 12 newborns with GA 33-36 weeks and IV - 17 term infants with GA between 37 and 41 wks. Complex clinical and instrumental assessment of 165 infants determined the following etiologies of NS: perinatal hypoxia-ischemia in 72.1% of cases, intracranial hemorrhage grade III-IV in 6.1%, congenital infections in 9.7%, CNS infections (bacterial meningitis and viral meningoencephalitis) in 9.7%, сerebral dysgenesis in 1.2% and inborn errors of metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases accounted for 1.2%. Intracranial hemorrhage grade III-IV was only registered in newborns with GA less than 32 wks. The role of CNS infections increased in term newborns (23.5%). Possibility of genetic etiologies should be taken into consideration while investigating newborns with NS, mainly when the possible early brain damage causes are absent. This is of great importance because the potentials of targeted therapies for epileptic syndromes due to genetic conditions are increasing nowadays. Perspectives of levetiracetam use in infants with NS and early onset forms of epilepsy were discussed.
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